Nursing Skills focuses on the development of evidence-based clinical skills and physical assessments that are essential for entry-level nurses across the lifespan. This textbook covers techniques for obtaining a health history and performing basic physical assessments using a body systems approach. It includes sample skills checklists and instructor demonstration videos to guide students through each procedure. Additionally, the book reviews mathematical calculations and conversions related to clinical skills, ensuring accuracy in practice. Designed to build competence and confidence, this resource is an invaluable tool for nursing students as they prepare to deliver safe, effective, and patient-centered care in clinical settings.
Course Competency 1: Apply aseptic technique
Learning Objectives:
- Identify indications for hand hygiene and demonstrate proper techniques
- Differentiate between standard and transmission-based precautions
- Demonstrate setup and maintenance of a sterile field
- Demonstrate proper donning and doffing sterile gloves and personal protective equipment (PPE)
- Apply principles of infection prevention to safely manage contaminated materials
- Define key terms related to medical and surgical asepsis
- Explain the chain of infection and its contribution to infection
Course Competency 2: Perform clinical mathematical calculations and conversions
Learning Objectives:
- Convert units of weight and volume between the metric and household systems
- Calculate time-dependent medication dosages for oral, intravenous, and other routes, including safe intervals for administration
- Apply formulas to accurately calculate adult and pediatric dosages
- Calculate IV flow and drip rates
- Explain the importance of accurate drug calculations
- Identify when nurses must verify calculations performed by other health care providers
Course Competency 3: Perform wound care
Learning Objectives:
- Confirm appropriate provider orders
- Gather necessary wound care supplies
- Perform the steps to obtain a wound culture specimen
- Explain principles of wound cleansing or irrigation following established procedures
- Identify wound assessment components
- Select and apply appropriate wound dressings and drainage devices
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the patient, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to wound care
- Determine appropriate pain management interventions
Course Competency 4: Perform tracheostomy care and suctioning procedures (oral, nasal, pharyngeal, and tracheostomy)
Learning Objectives:
- Determine adequate oxygenation and the need for suctioning
- Confirm the availability of a back-up tracheostomy kit
- Perform tracheostomy care, suctioning, and sputum specimen collection using safe and aseptic techniques
- Confirm appropriate provider orders related to tracheostomy care, suctioning, and oxygen therapy
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Administer oxygen therapy according to the client’s needs and condition
- Adjust suction settings according to the client’s age and clinical condition
- Define key terms and differentiate oxygen delivery systems used in tracheostomy care and suctioning
Course Competency 5: Manage enteral tubes (feeding, irrigation, suction)
Learning Objectives:
- Demonstrate aseptic technique during enteral tube procedures
- Choose equipment appropriate for the type of enteral tube and procedure
- Assess tube placement and security prior to use
- Confirm appropriate provider orders before initiating enteral tube procedures
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terminology and differentiate types of enteral tubes and their uses
- Develop strategies to prevent and resolve tube-related complications
Course Competency 6: Administer medications via enteral route (oral/tube/rectal)
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt enteral medication administration techniques to reflect variations across the lifespan
- Confirm appropriate provider orders for enteral medication administration
- Check for client allergies prior to medication preparation
- Inspect medication expiration dates before administration
- Conduct three checks using the medication administration rights
- Calculate correct medication dosages before administration
- Assess relevant body systems before, during, and after enteral medication administration
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to enteral medication administration
- Prepare medications for enteral administration
- Administer enteral medications safely
Course Competency 7: Administer medications via the parenteral routes (Intradermal/Subcutaneous/
Intramuscular)
Learning Objectives:
- Demonstrate aseptic technique when administering parenteral medications
- Adapt parenteral medication administration procedures to account for variations across the lifespan
- Confirm appropriate provider orders for parenteral medications
- Check for client allergies prior to preparing medications
- Inspect medication expiration dates before administration
- Conduct three checks using the medication administration rights
- Select, measure, and prepare medications for safe parenteral administration
- Calculate the correct parenteral medication dose prior to administration
- Locate anatomical landmarks to determine appropriate injection sites
- Assess relevant body systems before, during, and after parenteral medication administration
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to parenteral medication administration
- Describe the steps in measuring and interpreting blood glucose
Course Competency 8: Administer medications via topical, transdermal, eye, ear, inhalation, and vaginal routes
Learning Objectives:
- Demonstrate aseptic technique when administering medications via topical, transdermal, eye, ear, inhalation, or vaginal routes
- Adapt special route medication administration procedures to reflect variations across the lifespan
- Confirm appropriate provider orders for special route medication administration
- Check for client allergies before preparing medications
- Inspect medication expiration dates prior to administration
- Conduct three checks using the medication administration rights
- Calculate correct medication dosages prior to administration
- Assess relevant body systems before, during, and after special route medication administration
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to special route medication administration
- Select, measure, and prepare medications for safe administration via special routes
Course Competency 9: Manage intravenous therapy
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt intravenous therapy procedures to account for variations across the lifespan
- Confirm appropriate provider orders for intravenous therapy
- Check for client allergies before initiating intravenous therapy
- Inspect medication expiration dates before preparation
- Conduct three checks using the medication administration rights
- Calculate the correct intravenous medication dose prior to administration
- Assess relevant body systems before, during, and after intravenous medication administration
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to intravenous therapy
- Select, measure, and prepare medications for safe intravenous administration
Course Competency 10: Facilitate alternative methods of elimination (urinary and bowel)
Learning Objectives:
- Confirm appropriate provider orders prior to initiating alternative urinary or bowel elimination methods
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan variations
- Apply aseptic technique during urinary and bowel elimination procedures
- Identify and prepare appropriate equipment for enemas, ostomy care, specimen collection, and catheterization
- Demonstrate the proper procedure for sterile catheterization, urine specimen collection, and removal
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to urinary and bowel elimination
- Describe indications for ostomies and urinary catheterization
Course Competency 11: Obtain a health history
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan, ethnic, and cultural variations
- Verify client identity using two approved identifiers
- Establish rapport using therapeutic communication to maintain a nurse–client relationship
- Gather health history data using the designated format
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to a health history assessment
- Identify core components of a comprehensive health history
Course Competency 12: Perform a general survey assessment
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan, ethnic, and cultural variations
- Ensure client privacy during the general survey
- Perform a general survey assessment including vital signs
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to general survey components
Course Competency 13: Perform an integumentary assessment
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan, ethnic, and cultural variations
- Apply standard precautions during integumentary assessments
- Ensure privacy throughout integumentary assessments
- Perform a skin, hair and nail assessment
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to the skin, hair, and nails
- Review anatomy related to the skin, hair, and nails
Course Competency 14: Perform a musculoskeletal assessment
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan, ethnic, and cultural variations
- Apply standard precautions during musculoskeletal assessments
- Ensure privacy throughout musculoskeletal assessments
- Perform a musculoskeletal assessment
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to the musculoskeletal system
- Review anatomy related to the musculoskeletal system
Course Competency 15: Perform a head/neck assessment
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan, ethnic, and cultural variations
- Apply standard precautions during head/neck assessments
- Ensure privacy throughout head/neck assessments
- Perform a head, neck, eye, and ear assessment
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to the head, neck, eyes, and ears
- Review anatomy related to the head, neck, eyes, and ears
Course Competency 16: Perform a basic neurological assessment
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan, ethnic, and cultural variations
- Apply standard precautions during a neurological assessment
- Ensure privacy throughout the neurological assessment process
- Perform a neurological assessment
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to the nervous system
- Review anatomy related to the nervous system
Course Competency 17: Perform a basic respiratory assessment
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan, ethnic, and cultural variations
- Apply standard precautions during a respiratory assessment
- Ensure privacy throughout the respiratory assessment process
- Perform a respiratory assessment
- Distinguish between normal and adventitious breath sounds
- Demonstrate the correct procedure for sputum specimen collection
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to the respiratory system
- Review anatomy related to the respiratory system
Course Competency 18: Perform a basic cardiovascular assessment
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan, ethnic, and cultural variations
- Apply standard precautions during cardiovascular assessment
- Ensure privacy is upheld throughout the cardiovascular assessment process
- Perform a peripheral vascular assessment
- Perform a cardiovascular assessment
- Differentiate S1 and S2 heart sounds
- Outline characteristics of abnormal heart sounds
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required
- Define key terms related to the cardiovascular system
- Review anatomy related to the cardiovascular system
Course Competency 19: Perform an abdominal assessment
Learning Objectives:
- Adapt assessment techniques to accommodate lifespan, ethnic, and cultural variations.
- Apply standard precautions during abdominal assessment.
- Ensure privacy is maintained throughout the abdominal assessment.
- Perform an abdominal assessment.
- Communicate findings by documenting assessments, educating the client, and identifying when provider notification is required.
- Define key terms related to the gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems.
- Review anatomy related to the gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems.
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